{"id":8107,"date":"2026-10-01T04:50:58","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T04:50:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/?p=8107"},"modified":"2026-10-15T07:44:37","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T07:44:37","slug":"introduction-to-pathology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\t<div id=\"text-1740840116\" class=\"text\">\n\t\t\n\n<h2>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062c\u0633\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0648\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636\u061f \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><br \/>\u0627\u0634\u062a\u064f\u0642\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 Pathology \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646: Pathos \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0648Logos \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636.<br \/>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<style>\n#text-1740840116 {\n  font-size: 0.85rem;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"text-3969497478\" class=\"text\">\n\t\t\n\n<h2>\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 (Paediatric pathology)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a (Cytopathology)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a (Molecular pathology).<br \/>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0636\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<style>\n#text-3969497478 {\n  font-size: 0.85rem;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"text-3471431103\" class=\"text\">\n\t\t\n\n<h2>\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.<br \/><br \/>\u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<style>\n#text-3471431103 {\n  font-size: 0.85rem;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"img has-hover x md-x lg-x y md-y lg-y\" id=\"image_907144733\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"img-inner dark\" >\n\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"170\" src=\"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/pooyanteb2026-10-01-082648-300x170.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/pooyanteb2026-10-01-082648-300x170.webp 300w, https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/pooyanteb2026-10-01-082648-1024x580.webp 1024w, https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/pooyanteb2026-10-01-082648-768x435.webp 768w, https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/pooyanteb2026-10-01-082648-600x340.webp 600w, https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/pooyanteb2026-10-01-082648.webp 1284w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"caption\">\u062a\u064f\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a.<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<style>\n#image_907144733 {\n  width: 100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"text-2548399234\" class=\"text\">\n\t\t\n\n<h2>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0633 (Celsus) \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0633 (Galen) \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 1300 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062b\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u0631 (Avenzoar) (1091\u20131161). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633 (Vesalius)\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 De Fabrica Corpora Humani\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u064a (Benivieni) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u060c \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062b\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1761 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a (Giovanni Battista Morgagni) \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0648\u062e \u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631.<br \/><br \/>\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648 (Rudolph Virchow)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 Zellular Pathologie\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a.<br \/><br \/>\u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0635\u064f\u0646\u0651\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631.<br \/><br \/>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u062f \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643.<br \/>\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u0651 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0646.<br \/><br \/>\u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636.<br \/>\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n\t\t\n<style>\n#text-2548399234 {\n  font-size: 0.85rem;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div id=\"text-1779675869\" class=\"text\">\n\t\t\n\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u00bb\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636.<br \/>\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0637\u0628\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0634\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.<br \/>\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062b\u0629.<br \/>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u062e\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u00ab\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u00bb.<br \/>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628.<br \/><br \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u00ab\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621\u00bb. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629.<br \/>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a. \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629.<br \/>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645.<br \/>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062e\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629.<br \/>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: Esp-pathology.org \u2014 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0631\u062f<\/p>\n\t\t\n<style>\n#text-1779675869 {\n  font-size: 0.85rem;\n}\n<\/style>\n\t<\/div>\n\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062c\u0633\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8108,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8107","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 | \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 | \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-10-01T04:50:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-10-15T07:44:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Pathology_-From-Lab-to-Clinical-Care.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1672\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"941\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u0630\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u0630\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u0630\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7974ace82ed081851a04db70ff1dac1c\"},\"headline\":\"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-10-01T04:50:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-15T07:44:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":64,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/Pathology_-From-Lab-to-Clinical-Care.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 | \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/Pathology_-From-Lab-to-Clinical-Care.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-10-01T04:50:58+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-15T07:44:37+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7974ace82ed081851a04db70ff1dac1c\"},\"description\":\"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/Pathology_-From-Lab-to-Clinical-Care.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/Pathology_-From-Lab-to-Clinical-Care.webp\",\"width\":1672,\"height\":941},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/introduction-to-pathology\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\",\"description\":\"\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7974ace82ed081851a04db70ff1dac1c\",\"name\":\"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u0630\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8f4bcec0abd5105e2e76df7208883c49ab9729185a1cd0a63e0ba493770218fd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8f4bcec0abd5105e2e76df7208883c49ab9729185a1cd0a63e0ba493770218fd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8f4bcec0abd5105e2e76df7208883c49ab9729185a1cd0a63e0ba493770218fd?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u0630\"},\"sameAs\":[\"linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/mohammadsadeghmahmoudilord\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/pooyantebkhadem.com\\\/ar\\\/blog\\\/author\\\/lordlord905\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 | \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645","description":"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/","og_locale":"ar_AR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 | \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645","og_description":"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627.","og_url":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/","og_site_name":"\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645","article_published_time":"2026-10-01T04:50:58+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-10-15T07:44:37+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1672,"height":941,"url":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Pathology_-From-Lab-to-Clinical-Care.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"author":"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u0630","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629":"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u0630","\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631":"\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/"},"author":{"name":"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u0630","@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/7974ace82ed081851a04db70ff1dac1c"},"headline":"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636","datePublished":"2026-10-01T04:50:58+00:00","dateModified":"2026-10-15T07:44:37+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/"},"wordCount":64,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Pathology_-From-Lab-to-Clinical-Care.webp","articleSection":["\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a"],"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/","url":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/","name":"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 | \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Pathology_-From-Lab-to-Clinical-Care.webp","datePublished":"2026-10-01T04:50:58+00:00","dateModified":"2026-10-15T07:44:37+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/7974ace82ed081851a04db70ff1dac1c"},"description":"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Pathology_-From-Lab-to-Clinical-Care.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Pathology_-From-Lab-to-Clinical-Care.webp","width":1672,"height":941},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/introduction-to-pathology\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647","item":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/#website","url":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/","name":"\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645","description":"\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/7974ace82ed081851a04db70ff1dac1c","name":"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u0630","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8f4bcec0abd5105e2e76df7208883c49ab9729185a1cd0a63e0ba493770218fd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8f4bcec0abd5105e2e76df7208883c49ab9729185a1cd0a63e0ba493770218fd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8f4bcec0abd5105e2e76df7208883c49ab9729185a1cd0a63e0ba493770218fd?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0644\u0631\u0630"},"sameAs":["linkedin.com\/in\/mohammadsadeghmahmoudilord"],"url":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/blog\/author\/lordlord905\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8107","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8107"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8107\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8254,"href":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8107\/revisions\/8254"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8108"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8107"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8107"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pooyantebkhadem.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}